As
most of you will be aware, “ÁRAMCO” are conducting their own examinations of
all Master and Mates on board all Contracted vessels. Depending on the result
of such examination, the respective person either “PASS” or “FAIL”, as far as “ÁRAMCO” inspectors
are concerned.
If the Former, the individual has clearance
from “ÁRAMCO” to be appointed on board, but if the latter, the individual is not considered to be
acceptable to “ÁRAMCO” for employment on any vessel working in their offshore
areas, and the Company have no option then in turn has to be examined by
“ÁRAMCO”.
Obviously
this has caused major administrative and financial problem for the Company,
over which we unfortunately have no control.
It is
stressed that for obvious reason we need all Master and mates to “PASS” the
examination, and to this end, we show below, as list of the items upon which
questions are likely to be asked by the “ÁRAMCO” examiner.
Questions for Evaluation of Master
& Mates
To be completed 15-30 minutes.
Knowledge
of International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea:
ALL
(WHOLE)
1. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel under way?
= (Two-Side;
Two-Top; Stern // “▬” every 2 minutes, ‘
T’)
2. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel not make way from water?
= (Two-Side; Two-Top; Stern // Two red
light 360,0o // “▬ ▬” every 2 minutes – 2 sec, ‘M’)
3. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel at anchor?
=(Ball // White Bow-Stern mast light 360,0o
// “·▬ ·” Rapidly ring after signal,
‘R’)
4. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel aground? = (Three Ball // Two Red light
360, 0o //
“···” separate
stroke on the bell
“· ▬ ·“Rapidly ring after signal + given
“···” separate stroke on the bell, ‘S’‘R’‘S’)
5. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel Pilot? ?
= (Top-White/
Down-Red; Side; Stern // “▬” + “····”,‘H’)
6. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel trawling (seismic)?
7. Day & Night & Fog
signal for vessel tow? = (Ball – Diamond – Ball // Diamond //
Two-Side; Three-Four-Top; Stern; Tow; Red
–White - Red; “▬ ··”,‘D’)
8. Day
& Night & Fog signal for vessel towing?
= (Diamond // Two-Side; Stern; // after tow signal “▬ ··” every 2 min) ( or … ?)
9. Day & Night & Fog
signal Vessels constrained by draft?
= (Cylinder // Two-Side; Two-Top; Stern // Three Red light 360,0o // “▬ ··”, ‘D’)
10. Day & Night & Fog
signal Vessel restricted in their ability to manoeuvring?
= ( Ball – Diamond – Ball // Red
–White - Red light 360,0o // “▬ ··”, ‘D’)
11. Day & Night & Fog
signal Vessel engage mine clearance? =(··· Three ball, Three green light 360,0o //
Two Diamond – Two Ball from side)
12. Day & Night & Fog
signal Vessel dredger operational? = (Ball – Diamond – Ball // Two Diamond – Two Ball;
Two-Side; Two Top; Stern; Red –White -
Red; Two Red 360,0o/ Two Green 360,0o “▬ ··”,‘D’)
13. Day & Night & Fog
signal Vessel Not Under command?
= ( Two Ball // Two Red light 360,0o) //
“▬ ··”,‘D’)
14. Visibility, arc
navigation lights?
Top 225,0o - 6 miles;
Side
112,5o – 3 miles; Stern –Tow 135,0o – 3 miles;
Stern –Tow
135,0o – 3 miles;
Anchor
360,0o – 3 miles, Red/White/Red – 3 miles
Time
of sounding short blast = 1-2 sec; Prolong blast 5 second
15. Maneuvering signal?
= (“·”’E’ – Alter my course s/s;
“··” ‘I’– a/c P/side; “···” ‘S’– My engine work the stern)
16. Overtake signals?
(“▬
▬ ·”’G’- Overtake S/s; “▬ ▬ ··”’Z’– Overtake P/s; “▬ · ▬ ·”’C’– Agree)
17. Warning signal?
=(“·····” – Attention, I can not
understood You attended)
18. Single letter signal and
their significance?
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A
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ALFA
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· ▬
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 DIVER DOWN. KEEP CLEARE |
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B
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BRAVO
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DANGEROUS CARGO
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C
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CHARLIE
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▬ · ▬ ·
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YES
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D
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DELTA
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▬ · ·
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KEEP CLEARE
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E
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EKHO
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·
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ALTERING COURSE TO STBD
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F
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FOXTROT
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DISABLE
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G
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GOLF
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▬ ▬ ·
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WANT A PILOT
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I
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· ·
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ALTERING COURSE TO PORT
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J
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JULIET
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ON FIRE—KEEP CLEARE
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K
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KILO
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▬ · ▬
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DESIRE TO COMMUNICATION
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L
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STOP INSTANTLY
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M
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MIKE
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▬ ▬
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I AM STOPPED
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N
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NOVEMBER
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▬ ·
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NO
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O
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OSKAR
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▬ ▬ ▬
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MAN OVERBOARD
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P
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PAPA
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· ▬ ▬ ·
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ABOUT TO SAIL
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Q
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QUEBEK
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REQEST PRATIQUE
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R
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ROUMIO
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· ▬ ·
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NONE
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S
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SIERRA
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· · ·
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ENGINES GOING ASTERN
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T
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TANGO
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▬
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KEEP CLEARE FROM ME
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U
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UNIFORM
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·· ▬
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STANDING INTO DANGER
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V
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VICTOR
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REQUEST ASSISTANCE
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W
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WHISKEY
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REQUEST MEDICAL ASSISTANCE
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X
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X-RAY
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STOP YOU ATTENTION
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Y
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YANKEE
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· ▬ · ▬
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I AM DRAGGING ANCHOR
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Z
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ZULU
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▬ ▬ · ·
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REQUIRE TUG
|
Time of
sounding short blast = 1-2 sec; Prolong
blast 5 second.
19. Action to take when vessels are reciprocal course?
(“·”’E’ – Alter my course s/s;
“··” ‘I’– a/c P/side; “···” ‘S’– My engine work the stern)
MEETING
HEAD-ON - Power vs. Power
Neither vessel is the stand-on vessel. Both vessels should
Neither vessel is the stand-on vessel. Both vessels should
keep
to the starboard (right).
20. Action to take when
vessels are crossing vessel?
The give way vessel passing from the
stern of crossing vessel
21. Action to take when
vessels are overtaking one another?
(“▬
▬ ·”’G’- Overtake S/s; “▬ ▬ ··”’Z’– Overtake P/s; “▬ · ▬ ·”’C’– Agree)
22. What kind of vessel
exhibits three red lights in a vertical line?
Vessels constrained by draft
23. What is the sound signal
for restricted visibility?
“▬”
every 2 minutes, ‘ T’
1 prolong every 2 minutes
24. What are the necessary
precautions to be taking when vessel is on restricted visibility?
St/by to maneuvering for prevent collision
(safe speed- eng. ready for immediately maneuver- make fog signal-
radar on – 2 watch
keeping
25. Precautions to adopt in
condition of poor visibility?
Keep 2 watches looking in bridge + 2 radar working
26. What will you do, when in
poor visibility?
Keep 2 watch
looking in out side the bridge in 2 wing-reduce the speed – all time st/by
engine for
maneuvering- 2
radar working
Reduce speed
and st/by anchor-st/by eng to maneuvering- echosounder on
28. Lights & Fog signal
for Oil platforms ?
= (“ ··▬” // “U”)
29. What to do before leaving
or enter the harbor?
= (Ask
Permition)
30. What to do before enter
or leaving OIL FIELD?
= (Ask Permition)
31. Maximum speed in harbors
and estuaries.
= (5
knots – 8 knots)
32. International channel. 16
33. Explain: - 4 Cardinal
marks (North; South; East; West – what color?)
North Topmark points up, black band above yellow band
East Topmark
points outward, (The apex point OUT WARDS), black band above and below yellow
band.
South Topmark points down,
black band below yellow band.
West
Topmark
points inward,black band between yellow bands
34. Light & Sharpe
Special Buoys. (What are special mark buoys).
Refer the page below. color?)
35. What Top mark of a
cardinal buoy to East of a Shoal?
Black with
yellow band
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Identify Oil pipelines: Use & Disused Trenched (Berried), Power
lines, Trunk lines, Marked pipeline.
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Dryind Hights
Depth of water over
Pipelines, Crossing Pipelines. Drying heights, Wreck symbols,
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TIDAL HEIGHTS - Information and Prediction
So much for the theory of the tides.
What we want to be able to do in practice is
predict a) how deep the water is and b) how fast it is moving at any given
time. This section outlines all the sources of tidal information and explains
how you use them.
However before we start, let us look at the tidal
terms that are used so that we can fully understand the information as it is
given to us.
First high
water and low
water.
This refers to when the tide is fully “up” and
fully “down”. We talk about the time of high or low water, and the height of
high or low water.
Next tidal
range.
This is the difference between the heights of
high water and low water at any particular place. It is generally given in
meters. As explained above, the range is greater at spring tides and smaller at
neap tides (spring range is greater than neap
range).
a) what is the absolutely minimum depth that can
ever happen, and
b) how much extra depth we are getting because
the tide is part way up.
The first part of this is very easy, because it
is the depth that is printed on the chart (charted
depth). 
Depths are referred to the level of chart datum, which is the level of lowest astronomical tide (LAT): i.e.
the lowest low water that we can ever expect in normal circumstances. Figure 5
illustrates this.
A note in passing: the weather can affect the
height of the tide but this generally by a small amount, and difficult to
predict. So we tend to ignore it. Lowest astronomical tide means the lowest
tide caused by the moon and sun, but the water could get even lower in
exceptional weather.
The extra depth we get because of the tide is
called the height of tide at the particular time we’re interested in, and the following
sections work out how to predict this.
So then the actual depth will be: charted depth +
height of tide.
There are some places on the chart which are
above the water when the tide is low. For these places the chart needs to tell
you the “depth” at LAT, and of course in this case it will be a negative depth.
It is marked as such on the chart by underlining it, and it is called 
the drying height. Figure 5 illustrates this.
the drying height. Figure 5 illustrates this.
• mean
high water springs (MHWS)
• mean
high water neaps (MHWN)
• mean
low water springs (MLWS)
• mean
low water neaps (MLWN)
This idea is pretty simple. It is convenient to
know roughly how high and low the tide goes at a particular place, so the
average heights of high and low water can be quoted for both spring and neap
tides. Figure 6 shows how these heights relate to each other.
You can use this information to tell you some
things you might want to know: for example, the MHWS added to the charted depth
at a particular place shows the average depth you will get there at high water
on spring tides - approximately the greatest depth you are ever going to get
there.
Use MLWS and it will tell you approximately the
least depth you will ever get.
Selection of chart symbols
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Danger line in general
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Wreck, least depth unknown
but usually deeper than 20 metres
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Visible wreck
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Wreck of which the mast(s)
only are visible at Chart Datum
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Wreck, least depth known
obtained by sounding only
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  |
Wreck, least depth known, swept
by wire drag or diver
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or  |
Rock which covers and
uncovers, height above Chart Datum
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Rock awash at the level of
Chart Datum
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Underwater rock of unknown
depth, dangerous to surface navigation
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or  |
Underwater rock of known
depth, dangerous to surface navigation
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Remains of a wreck, or other
foul area, non-dangerous to navigation but to be avoided by vessels
anchoring, trawling etc.
|
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Depth unknown, but considered
to have a safe clearance to the depth shown
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Sounding of doubtful depth;
Existence doubtful; Reported, but not confirmed
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Position approximate;
Position doubtful
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or  |
Wind turbine
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Chimney
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Tower; radio/television tower
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Monument
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Marina - boat harbour
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Mosque, minaret
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Silo
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Tanks
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Placeholder examples: Church
(Ch) Tower (Tr) Hotel Cupola
(Cu) Chimney (Chy).
CAPITALS indicate that the landmark is conspicious. |
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Quarrie, mine
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Major light; minor light
More on lights in chapter 9 |
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Limit of safety zone around
offshore installation
|
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Position of tabulated tidal
stream data with designation “A”; Tidal levels data “a”
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Green or black buoys (symbols
filled black): G = Green ; B = Black
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Single coloured buoys other
than green and black: Y = Yellow ; R = Red
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Multiple colours in
horizontal bands, the colour sequence is from top to bottom
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Multiple colours in vertical
or diagonal stripes, the darker colour is given first. W = White
More on buoys in chapter 9 |
 |
Lighted marks on
multicoloured charts, GPS displays and chart plotters. A yellow coloured lobe
indicates a White light! Also note that beacons (here the rightmost symbol
with the green light) has an upright G, instead of an oblique G
|
Information
in the chart
Depths reduced to chart datum: A
sounding like 35 indicates 3½ metres of water under Lowest
Astronomical Tide (when the chart datum is “L.A.T.”). An underlined sounding
like 04 indicates a height of 40 cm above L.A.T.. Heights above Chart Datum on drying areas are given in metres and decimetres. The metres figure is underlined.
Depths are given from 0.1 to 20.9
in metres and decimetres, and from 21 to 31 in metres and half metres. Greater
depths are rounded down to the nearest safest metre (for example, 32.7 metres
is rounded down to 32 metres). The geographical position of a sounding is the centre of the depth figure.
Isobaths: Lines
connecting positions with the same depth: depth contours.
Heights reduced to chart datum:
Heights of for instance, lighthouses, mountains and cliffs are more often
reduced to another datum such as Mean High Water (M.H.W.) or Mean High Water
Spring.
Tidal information:
Details of both the vertical (see chapter 7) and the horizontal (see chapter 8) movement of the water
is often included in the chart.
Seabed qualities:
Pebbles, seaweed, rocks, wrecks, pipelines, sand and other seabed characteristics
for anchoring. 
37. Ascertain depth
of water under keel. Minimum keel clearance. Centimeters.
37A South Safanya 1100 hrs, 29th June 2003,
you have a draft 4, 3 m, a sounding of 6,2 m.
What is overall depth of water
under keel? = (1, 9 meters)
37B What is depth of water at
West pier Spit Buoy at 1000 hrs, on 29th December 2004 year.
= 4,7+0,72=5,42 meters.
38. Determine whether tide
flooding or tide ebbing with tide table.
39. Familiarity with ARAMCO
tide tables, Interpolation, & International & Explain terminology.
40. Definition of:
L.A.T – Lowest Astronomical Tide (Chart datum - Zero
of chart)
I.S.L.W – Indian Spring Low Water
H.A.T – Highest Astronomical Tide
M.S.L – Mean
Sea
I. A. L. A– International Association Lighthouse
Authority.
B.A. – British Admiralty Chart
S.
U. R – Saudi Aramco Chart.
S. C. B. A– Self-Contained
Breathing Apparatus.
E. E. B. D – Emergency Escape Breathing Device.
EPIRB
– Emergency position indicating Radio Beacon.
SART
– Search and Rescue Radar Transponder.
41.Calculate. Explain mean
stability, and all abbreviations:
Ship’s
D =1000;
KG =4.0m, load W=200kg; KG = 5.0m. Find KG after load.
W
KG M
1000
4.0 4000
200
5.0 1000 5000 : 1200 = 4.16 (4.17) KG after load.
1200
? 5000
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G
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Centre of gravity
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LBP
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Length between perpendiculars
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KG
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Centre of gravity above keel.
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ø
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Angle of inclination.
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M
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Metacentre
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LOA
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Length over all.
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B
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Moulded breadth of ship
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MLD
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Moulded draft of ship
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GM
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Metacentric high
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GZ
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Actual righting arms measured from G.
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KM
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Vertical distance of
transverse metacentre M before loading/discharging
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LCF
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Longitinual centre of floatation
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MTC
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Meter per centimeter
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LCB
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Longitinual centre of buoyancy
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MTI
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Inch per centimeter
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How to calculate stability
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Stability sums made easier
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Stability formulas
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Ship stability made easier
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42. Which operation every day
do it with ballast?
Sounding
43. What happens with
stability in time of loading ?
Reduce
44. What is Free Surface
Effect? Explain?
43. What is specific gravity
of seawater? 1,025
44. What is meant by “fresh
water allowance”? 1,00
45. What is meant by TPC /
TPI (Tons Per Centimeters/ Inch) immersion.
= (The increase displacement due to a
uniform increase in draught of one centimeter)
46. Load Line? Appropriate Load Line & Seasonal
Zone/Draught Mark?
Deck
line
TF --Tropical fresh water load line
F -- Fresh
water load line
TF T --Tropical load line
F S -- Summer load line
T W-- Winter load line
W WNA
47. Squat: - Explain, and
action for reduce. Calculate.
Water depth
Squat
Squat
is the increase in draught and trim that occurs when a ship moves on the
surface of the sea. At low speed, a ship sinks bodily and trims by the head. At
high speed, a ship bodily lifts and trims by the stern. At especially high
speed, the ship can plane. However, squat is greatest in shallow water where
the resulting increase in draught and trim can cause grounding. This, of
course, provides a further limit on speed in shallow water, consideration of
grounding due to squat being especially important if the under-keel clearance
is 10% or less of the draught and the speed is 70%
or
more of the limiting speed. In shallow water, squat can be estimated by adding
10% to the draught or 0.3 meters for every 5 knots of speed.
= (F max = 2 x CB
x VK2 / 100 (CB=0,70m; K – Speed in Knots)) Brown’s Page
625-626.
For a vessel underway, the bodily sinkage and change
of trim which are caused by the pressure distribution on the hull due to the
relative motion of water and hull. The effect begins to increase significantly
at depth-to-draft ratios less than 2.5. It increases rapidly with speed and is
augmented in narrow channels.
48. What is GHA and
Declination of a celestial body?
Greenwich hour angle. . Angular distance west of the Greenwich celestial meridian;
the arc of the celestial equator, or the angle at the celestial pole, between
the upper branch of the Greenwich celestial
meridian and the hour circle of a point on the
celestial sphere, measured westward from the Greenwich celestial meridian
through 360°; local hour angle at the
Greenwich meridian.
declination. ,
n. 1. Angular distance north or south of the celestial equator; the arc
of an hour circle between the celestial equator and a point on the celestial
sphere, measured northward or southward from the celestial equator through 90°, and labeled N or S (+ or -) to indicate the
direction of measurement. 2. Short for MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
49. Calculate compass error
by SUN. Explain how you do it?
Explanation
the determinate error of a celestial body (SUN)?
1.Time UTC;
2.Latitude; 3.Longetude;
4.Declanetion (D8); 5.GCo - Deg º; 6.MCo - Degº;
7. In time UTC, find in Brown’s almanac GHA8
SUN, only hours.
8. Also in Brown’s find Increments (ICR) minutes & seconds,
if data in table increase, it’s (+) or decrease (-).
9.
GHA8
SUN + l(long) = LHA8
(Pay attention 1º = 60’ // 60’ = 1º)
10. Go in table NORIE’S, entry the
table “A”, only with LHA (deg) &j (lat), find “A”.
11. Entry the table “B”, only with D8
and LHA, find “B”
12. If “A” South and “B” South then plus (+), “A+B=C”;
if “A” North and “B” South deduction “A-B=C”.
13.”C”given name biggest mark South or North.
14. With “C” andj (lat), entry the
table “C”, find Azimuth.
15. Azimuths have combination
name, with receiving mean “C” & LHA8.
Name East or West, where stay ship.
50.” M.O.B / Williamson turn ” – Understood and
Explain.
Williamson Turn
For this demonstration, assume you’re going Due North
Turn towards the side that the man fell overboard, (in
this case he's fell over the starboard side)
Alter till you see 060 degrees on your compass
Alter hard to port till you see 200 degrees on your
compass
Square
up your helm to amidships, this will take you down on a reciprocal course
THE
MEAN WILLIAMSON TURN FOR MAN OVERBOARD RECOVERY IN
OPEN WATER
1. Man overboard is declaring.
2. If victim in sight, first
life ring “as soon as possible”.
3. If at night, second ring
with light signal throw “as soon as possible”.
4. Word is passed quickly to
the bridge. The time is noted.
5. Ring thrower is the spotter
until chief officer arrives.
6. Captain // Mate note course,
maintains speed, turns full right rudder.
7. When at original course plus
60 then turns port full rudder.
8. As approaching original
course plus 180 rudders goes to.
9. Mate spotter directs master
until victim in master’s sight.
10. For recovery safety victim
to be to kept weather side of the vessel.
11. Mate supervises for crew victim recovery.
12. Ring with line is thrown to victim,
vessel propulsion at stop.
13. Victim recovered from the sea, vessel
back to underway.
14. First aid & evacuation procedures to
be followed victim injured.
15. Entries to be made in vessel log book
noting:
-
Time overboard reported; Time recovery; Time Elapsed.
-
Location /Weather/ Sea
-
Comments for improvements –
DRILLS.
-
Name of crewmember - real
incident.
51. VHF & SSB Distress
frequencies.
Calling Frequency (VHF Ch-16)
or a SSB Safety and Hailing Frequency (2182, 4125, 6215, 8291, 12290 or 16420
kHz, USB)
52. Five Distress signal.
(Name & method of indicating)
(a) a gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of about a
minute;
(b) a continuous sounding with any fog-signaling apparatus;
(d) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other signaling
method consisting of the group . . .– – –. . . (SOS) in the Morse Code;
(e) a signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of the spoken word
“Mayday”;
(f) the International Code Signal of distress indicated by N.C.;
(g) a signal consisting of a square flag having above or below it
a ball or anything resembling a ball;
(h) flames on the vessel (as from a burning tar barrel, oil
barrel, etc.);
(i) a rocket parachute flare or a hand flare showing a red light;
(j) a smoke signal giving off orange-colored smoke;
(k) slowly and repeatedly raising and lowering arms outstretched
to each side;
(l) the radiotelegraph alarm signal;
(m) the radiotelephone alarm signal;
(n) signals transmitted by emergency position-indicating radio
beacons;
(o) approved signals transmitted by radio communication systems,
including survival craft radar transponders.
(c) rockets or shells, throwing red stars fired one at a time at
short intervals;
53. Four signal “ALARM”
FIRE
(general alarm) 7 short +
1 long
MOB 3 long 
Abandon ship 7 short
+ 1 long 
GAS 2 short
+ 1
long
54. Hydrostatic releases: -
purpose and Functions.
Once coming to under the water by pressure 2.5 happened open
the LR
55. Life raft (Supply, Time
check)
56. Knowledge of Safety
Equipment (Individual & General)
57. Scrambler Net. Know.
Explain
Each side for the vessel has 1 scrambler net (used in life
salvage) on main deck port/starboard sides.
58. F. R. C. Know (Supply, Release)
Explain.
Rescue boat for
automatically relies
59. How to determine the
presence of H2S at
on Oil platform. What precaution action to take.
- Always enter any potential H2S Hazard Zone from the
Upwind Direction.
- Unless specifically instructed otherwise, always assume that an H2S
Hazard exists.
- Vessel crew should all wear SCBA ( ) Units when entering a
potential H2S Hazard Zone.
- H2S heavier than air and readily soluble in
water.
- The potential H2S Hazard can be substantially reduced by
operating the vessel's Protective water spray System & Fire
Fighting Monitors in a full spray pattern.
60. In time GAS ALERT! When
ship tie-up to RIG. What will you do?
Cast off All crew
on deck coming inside the accommodation the vessel take the position up wind
61. When ship tie-up to RIG.
You OOW, if on deck collapse man, from poisoning. What will you do?
Move affected person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing has stopped,
give
cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Keep person warm and quiet.
62. What you do? For pull out from Rig, in time GAS ALERT?
63. If you are along side the
platform, and you found out that there is a leaking. What will you do?
1. Do not enter any significant
floating crude oil realize area.
2. Unless specifically confirmed by the
Incident Command Post (ICP) always assume that an H2S Hazard
exists.
3. Approach the crude oil realize from the Upwind Direction.
4. Operate the Vessel Protective Waterspray System to minimize the
potential ignition hazard.
5. Utilize the Vessel Fire Monitors in a protective waterspray nozzle
pattern to disperse the floating
crude oil or to protect rescue
craft or persons in the open sea.
64. Determine
compass Error: Convert Compass to True True to Compass. Apply magnetic
error.
(Variation is 30
W, Deviation is 20 E, Bearing 2430 Compass, Defined try
bearing) = True -2420
Remember the cadet rule compass to true
add easterly, subtract westerly.
True to compass add westerly, subtract
easterly.
65. Deviation on Magnetic
Compass. Update chart variation to sailing year.
66. Chart plotting. (Current;
Set and Drift) Explain with help graphic (drawing).
80 100 90
110 10 (page 334-335)
(Calculate drift from wind & current : 80
100
90
10 110
|
Step By Step guide to learning Chart work
|
|
|
How to do a Set and Drift
(Chart work) (1) Plot your starting position, call this "A"
(2) Find the true course you are steering. (3) Draw a line from "A" and lay off your true course. (4) Call the end of your course "D" (5) Find the amount of time you have steamed for. (6) Find your speed. (7) On the line (A,D) measure the distance you will go in the time your given. (E.g.) if your going at 10 knots for 3 hours then the distance is 30 miles so you would measure 30 miles on the (A,D) line. (8) At the end of the line you steamed for call this "B" (9) Find out the course and speed of the tide, make sure the hours your are steaming for and the tide are the same. (E.g.) you steamed for 3 hours and the tide is set at 0400 2 knots, you would have to multiply 2 knots by 3 hours which is 6 miles of tide. (10) At "B" measure off your tide for its course and distance. (11) At the end of the tide call this "C" (12) Give the line (B,C) 3 arrows. (13) From "A" draw a line to "C" this is the course you will be streaming. (14) Give the line (A,C) 2 arrows. (15) The rate of the tide = (B,C) speed of tide The amount of hours steamed |
 |
|
|
|
|
Track
Made good, the course the tide will take you.
(1)
Plot your start position "A"
(2) Find the true course you are steering. (3) From "A" draw a line for the true course. (4) At the end of this line call this "D" (5) On the (A,D) line measure the distance you will go in 1 hour. (6) Call this "B" (7) Find the course and speed of the tide. (8) From "B" lay of your course of the tide for 1 hour. (9) Call this "C" (10) From (A - C) this is the course and speed you will go in 1 hour (Ground track) |
 |
|
1 arrow = true course.
2 arrows = the course and speed made good. 3 arrows = speed and course of tide. |
Authors tip;
Make sure all distances are for 1 hour, some questions gives you the tide for 1 hour but you're steaming for 6 hours. Measure the distance covered as well as the course from (A to C) |
|
|
|
|
Running
fix (Without tide or wind)
(1)
You are given 2 bearings of a point of land and the times when they where
taken.
(2) Measure these courses off on your chart. (3) Anywhere on the 1st bearing of the point of land, draw a line for your true course. (4) Call the starting position "A" and the end "D" (5) The time given between the 2 bearings, work out the distance you will go in that time. (6) From "A" measure this distance on the (A,D) line. (7) Call this "B" (8) Using a parallel rules, lay them on the line from "A" to the point of land, move the parallel rules onto "B" (9) Draw a line from "B" along the parallel rules onto the 2nd bearing of the point of land. (10) This is your ships position. |
 |
|
|
|
|
Running
fix (With tide and/or wind)
(1)
You are given 2 bearings of a point of land and the times when they where
taken.
(2) Measure these courses off on your chart. (3) Anywhere on the 1st bearing of the point of land, draw a line for your true course. (4) Call the starting position "A" and the end "D" (5) The time given between the 2 bearings, work out the distance you will go in that time. (6) From "A" measure this distance on the (A,D) line. (7) Call this "B" (8) From "B" lay off the tide for 1 hour. (9) At the end of the tide call this "C" (10) Using a parallel rules, lay them on the line from "A" to the point of land, move the parallel rules onto "C" (11) Draw a line from "C" along the parallel rules onto the 2nd bearing of the point of land. (12) This is your ships position. |
 |
|
|
|
|
Counteraction
course (countering against tide/wind)
(1)
Plot your start position and call this "A"
(2) Plot your finished position and call this "D" (3) Draw a line from "A" to "D" (This is the course you want to steer on) (4) Find the speed and course of the tide. (5) From "A" lay off the tide for 1 hour. (6) At the end of the tide, call this "B" (7) With a set of compasses, measure the distance your vessel will go in 1 hour. (8) From "B" cut an arc on the "A" - "D" line, call this "C" (9) Draw a line from "A" to "C" (10) This is your course to steer and speed you make good (speed you will do) (11) Measure the line "A" - "D" and the line "A" - "C" (12) The time is takes from "A" - "D" = distance AD Distance AC |
 |
|
|
|
|
Horizontal
and/or vertical Sextant angles.
(1)
Find the positions of the land bearings on a chart.
(2) Draw a line from the 1st to the 2nd to the 3rd positions, call them "A", "B" and "C" (3) If the angle is less than 0900 then subtract it from 0900 (4) If the angle is more than 0900 then take the angle and subtract 0900 from it. (5) If the angle is less than 0900 draw the angle towards the sea. (6) If the angle is more than 0900 draw the angle towards the land. (7) Using a protractor and the 00 is facing point "B" is on the line at point "A" mark the degrees. (8) From point "B" facing "A" mark the degrees. (9) From point "B" facing "C" mark the degrees. (10) From point "C" facing "B" mark the degrees. (11) Where "A" and "B" intersect, using a set of compasses, measure the distance from the intersection to "A" and "B" they should both be the same, draw a circle (12) Where "B" and "C" intersect, do the same again. (13) Where both circles cut this is your ships position. |
 |
67. Navigation chart work.
68. Use Radar. Take bearing
& Distance.
69. How frequently need
defined position confined water? (30 minutes)
70. How many people must be
on watch? =
(OOW & AB lookout)
71. What meant by expression
“”BACKING” when applied to wind.
Backing (of wind): Shift of wind direction in an
anticlockwise manner, for example from North to west (opposite of veering)
Veering (of winds): Clockwise
change in the direction of the wind; opposite of backing
72. Normal sea state
condition for at shore structure? = (1,0 – 1,5 meters)
73. General knowledge of own
vessel?
74. Explain mean Anchor
Handling operation? = (Shank, Crown, Palm/Edge, Fluke, Anchor grown shackle)
75. How many people must be
on deck in time anchor handling operation? = (1-Officer; 2 – AB)
76. Which tool must be use
for anchor handling?
1.
Certificated and SWL stamped shackles.
2.
Certificated Pelican hook & Pennant wire.
3.
Buoy catcher lasso.
4.
Safety hooks.
5.
Anchor handling hook.
6.
Snatch blocks.
7.
Wire slings.
8.
Rope coils.
9. Bull dog grips.
10. Hand thrown
grapple hook & line.
11. Wooden wedges
for pipe, general cargo and pennant buoy securing.
12. Deck tool
kit.
13. Continued.
14. Webbing
strops.
15.
Oxygen/acetylene cutting gear.
16. Boat hooks.
77. Which instruments
necessary for connection tow line?
78. What action will do Rig
Master, day before Rig Move? What you will do?
79. What consist towline?
Explain.
80. What mean “Gob Chain”?
Explain?
81. Operational Instruction
Manual (OIM) No: 1,519
This instruction describes the NA oil
operation and marine department guidelines for the work
procedures
which will provide a safe work environment and protect Saudi Aramco offshore
producing
facilities,
minimize production losses and marine equipment standby costs.
1. Intent.
2. 14 prior
notice.
3. Work review
and planning meeting
4.
Responsibilities.
5. Buoying
requirements
6. Moving
equipment into, within, and out of oil fields.
7. Anchoring
within the oil field.
8.
Depressurizing underwater pipeline and platform topside piping and
de-energizing subsea cables
82. Physical
demonstration of maneuvering the vessel.
(Special
awareness of actual Tidal & Wind conditions. Use of engine’s and Helm to
control the vessel
83. Certificate & STCW,
Medical
84. Convertation: Feet –
Meters; Meters – Feet; Tons – Kg – Libss – Barrels,
85.
Расчет поправки компаса ГК по таблице NORIE'S Nautical Table.
The examine may ask additional questions to the above, and
request further practical display of
boat handling capability.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
DECK TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT SUGGESTED BEING CARREID BY AHTSS VESSELS.
1.Certificated and SWL Stamped Shackles:
2
x 75 – 85 SWL; 4 x 55 SWL; 4 x 35 SWL; 4 x 12 SWL; 4 x 8 SWL; 6 x 5 SWL; 10x 2
SWL;
2.Certificated Pelican Hook and pennant wire;
-
A. Pelican Hook of suitable size and SWL
for 52 mm diameter anchor pennant Wire
B. Pelican Hook Pennant Wire of suitable
length and SWL
3.Buoy Catcher Lasso;
2 x buoy catcher
lasso. These are to be made up of 2 x (3 m x 19 mm strops) connected to 1,5m of
13 mm
Open link chain
(grade 80). Chain to strop connection to be made with suitable SWL Hinge Link
connectors.
4.Safety Hook.
1 x safety hook for each Tugger winch
available of suitable SWL for Winch.
5.Anchor Handling Hook;
1 x anchor-handling hook of 25 tones SWL
6.Snatch Blocks;
4 x snatch blocks of same SWL as
Tugger Winch Maximum Pull.
7.Wire Slings;
A wide selection of certificated Wire Slings for use during anchor
handling and cargo duties to include, but not limited to 1o mm, 13mm, 19mm, and
24 mm F S W of varying length.
(A couple of 10 mm dm. Strops about 1 meter in Length will be invaluable)
8.Rope Coils;
An adequate supply of wire, man
made rope, and natural rope coils to effectively cover all eventualities. To included
but not limited to replacement of heaving lines, cargo Securing lashings, and
tugger wire replacement.
9.Bull Dog Grips:
An adequate supply of BULL DOG
GRIPS of various sizes to fit the wire coils supplied.
10.Hand thrown grapple hook and line.
2 x hand thrown grapple hook and line to be readily available.
11.Heaving Line
4 x Heaving Line to be readily available
12.Wooden Wedges for pipe, general cargo and
pennant buoy securing;
A selection of large sized wooden wedges, (not the
damage control box items) for the securing of casing pipes, deck cargos and
anchor pennant buoys.
13.Webbing Strops
A selection of various SWL webbing strops of varying lengths.
14. Oxygen/Acetylene Cutting Gear.
To include full spare bottles, regulators and flash back arresters.
Houses long enough to reach beyond the stern roller. Cutting torch with spare
nozzles. Nozzle cleaning kit and Sparkers with spare flints.
15.Boat hook.
Boat Hook 2 x Boat Hook of at least 10 feet in length of approved
factory standard (Not ship made inferior
type)
17.Deck Tool Kit:
The following items but limited to are to be
included in the deck tool kit:
-Sledge Hammersمطرقة زلاجة2 x 7 lb -Mauls 2
x 4 lb
-Ball pain Hammers 2 x 2 lb -Long
Handed Axe 1piece
-Crow Bars Heavy Duty 2
piece. -Crow
Bars Medium Duty 2 piece
-Cold chisels Heavy Duty 2 x 1” -Pliers
Heavy Duty 2 piece
-Mole grips Large 1piece -Marline
spikes 1x12“ / 1x18“
-Hacksaw Heavy Duty 1
piece -Hacksaw
heavy Blades 12 pieces
-Seizing Wire Reel -Adjustable
Spanners 1x
8“/ 1x12”
-Seizing Twine Reel -Thimbles to fit tugger wire.
-Nails 2”& 6” -Pipe
wrench 2x12” / 2 x 24”
-Wire Brush to clean shackle threads x 2
pieces
-Split Pins Adequate supply of all required sizes.
-Spare Handles for sledge, maul,
hammers and axes.
-Ring spanner 2 x each size to fit bull dog grips
supplied to vessel
-Pipe wrench مفتاح ربط الأنابيب
Necessary for releasing small and large shackle pin nuts.
DAMAGE
CONTROL BOX – LIST OF
DAMAGE CONTROL ITEMS:
1. Timbel (Коуш)
4”x 4” or similar size, 10-foot (3m) length – 6 pcs.
2. Claw hammer شَاكُوش بكمَّاشة (Киянка) – 1 piece.
3. Rip Saw ، منشار تمساح (Продольная пила) for wood – 1 piece.
4. Nail مِسمار (Гвозди) assorted 3”x 6”
– 2 lb (1 kg)
5. Wedges إسفين . وَتِد (Клинья) wood various size &
shape – 24 pieces.
6. Hack saw منشار معادن (Ножовка) 12” (with 3 spare blade) – 1 piece.
7. Shovel جاروف (Лопата) – 1 piece.
8. Marlin spike (tool shaped like a spike for loosening rope or wire
strands )(Свайка) steel 18” (300mm) – 1 piece.
9. Cement إسمنت
(Цемент) quick dry, long life
– 1 bag.
10. Sand (Песок)
– 1 bag.
11. Hammer sledge مطرقة زلاجة (Кувалда) 10 lb (4-5kg) – 1 piece.
12. Crow bar / Wrecking bar عتلة (Лом) 24” (600mm) – 1 piece.
13. Flash light (Фонарь) (with spare batteries) – 1 piece.
14. Work gloves (Рабочие перчатки)
– 2 pair.
15. Canavas (Брезент)
15 feet
– 5 meters.
ADDITIONALY: Mats or any materials that may be used to stop
ingress of water. It is recommended that a separate box used solely for the
purpose of storing these items should be used. The box should be clearly
Marked and stowed in a position allowing easy and clear
access. Long length of timber can be stowed separately but should be: - Clearly
marked “D A M A G E D C O N T R O L
BOX “
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
BULK CONVERSION FOR
INVENTORY AT PIER.
Water (Portable & Drill) Cement “G”
1 Metric Ton = 268.80 USG 1
ton = 2204.6 LBS
1 Cubic
Meter = 264,17 USG 94 LBS = 1 Cubic Foot
Diesel Fuel Beryte
1 Metric ton = 312.986 USG. 60
LBS = 1 Cubic Foot
42 USG = 1 BARREL. 135.10
LBS = 1cub.foot
Bentonite (AQUAGEL): Oil Base MUD
60 LBS = 1 Cubic Feet Cubic metric ton x 35.51 = Cubic foot
Safra Oil // Cement (1 SK.) =
1cub.foot.
Liters
x 0.0063 = Bbls //
Baryte (2,702 SK.) = 1
Conversation Table //
Bentonyte (1.20 SK.) = 1cub.foot
|
|
FUEL OIL
|
SAFRA OIL
|
MUD OIL
|
|
|
Cubic meter
|
Metric ton
|
Metric ton
|
Metric ton
|
US Gallon
|
Barrels
|
1
|
0,844
|
0,80
|
1,44
|
264,20
|
6,30
|
2
|
1,688
|
1,60
|
2,88
|
528,40
|
12,60
|
3
|
2,532
|
2,40
|
4,32
|
792,60
|
18,90
|
4
|
3,376
|
3,20
|
5,76
|
1056,80
|
25,20
|
5
|
4,220
|
4,00
|
7,20
|
1321,00
|
31,50
|
6
|
5,064
|
4,80
|
8,64
|
1585,20
|
37,80
|
7
|
5,906
|
5,60
|
10,08
|
1849,40
|
44,10
|
8
|
6,752
|
6,40
|
11,52
|
2113,60
|
50,40
|
9
|
7,596
|
7,20
|
12,96
|
2377,80
|
56,70
|
10
|
8,440
|
8,00
|
14,40
|
2642,00
|
63,00
|
20
|
16,88
|
16,00
|
28,80
|
5284,00
|
126,00
|
30
|
25,32
|
24,00
|
43,20
|
7926,00
|
189,00
|
40
|
33,76
|
32,00
|
57,60
|
10568,00
|
252,00
|
50
|
42,20
|
40,00
|
72,00
|
13210,00
|
315,00
|
60
|
50,64
|
48,00
|
86,40
|
15852,00
|
378,00
|
70
|
59,06
|
56,00
|
100,80
|
18494,00
|
441,00
|
80
|
67,52
|
64,00
|
115,20
|
21136,00
|
504,00
|
90
|
75,96
|
72,00
|
129,60
|
23778,00
|
567,00
|
100
|
84,40
|
80,00
|
144,00
|
26420,00
|
630,00
|
SPACIFIC
GRAVITY LONG TON AVOIRDUPIOS
= 2240.0 Lbs
FUEL OIL = 0.844 1
BARREL = 42 USG SHORT TON = 2000.0
Lbs
SAFRA OIL = 0.80 1 USG = 3,785 LITRS TONNE (1000 kg) = 2204.6 Lbs
MUD OIL =1.44 1 LITRE
= 0,0063 BARREL
|
|
FUEL OIL
|
SAFRA OIL
|
MUD OIL
|
|||
Met.ton
|
US Gallon
|
Barrels
|
US Gallon
|
Barrels
|
US Gallon
|
Barrels
|
1
|
312,98
|
7,45
|
330,25
|
7,86
|
133,47
|
4,37
|
2
|
625,96
|
14,90
|
660,50
|
15,72
|
366,94
|
8,74
|
3
|
938,94
|
22,35
|
990,75
|
23,58
|
550,41
|
13,11
|
4
|
1251,92
|
29,80
|
1321,00
|
31,44
|
733,88
|
17,48
|
5
|
1564,90
|
37,25
|
1651,25
|
39,30
|
917,35
|
21,85
|
6
|
1877,88
|
44,70
|
1981,50
|
47,16
|
1100,82
|
26,22
|
7
|
2190,86
|
52,15
|
2311,75
|
55,02
|
1284,29
|
30,59
|
8
|
2503,84
|
59,60
|
2642,00
|
62,88
|
1467,75
|
34,96
|
9
|
2816,82
|
67,05
|
2972,25
|
70,74
|
1651,23
|
39,33
|
10
|
3129,80
|
74,50
|
3302,50
|
78,60
|
1834,70
|
43,70
|
20
|
6259,90
|
149,00
|
6605,00
|
157,20
|
3669,40
|
87,40
|
30
|
9389,40
|
223,50
|
9907,50
|
235,80
|
5504,10
|
131,10
|
40
|
12519,20
|
298,00
|
13210,00
|
314,40
|
7338,80
|
174,80
|
50
|
15649,00
|
372,50
|
16512,50
|
393,00
|
9173,50
|
218,50
|
60
|
18778,80
|
447,00
|
19815,00
|
471,60
|
11008,20
|
262,50
|
70
|
21908,60
|
521,50
|
23117,50
|
550,20
|
12842,90
|
305,90
|
80
|
25038,40
|
596,00
|
26420,00
|
628,80
|
14677,60
|
349,60
|
90
|
28168,20
|
670,50
|
29722,50
|
707,40
|
15512,30
|
393,30
|
100
|
31298,00
|
745,00
|
33025,00
|
786,00
|
18347,00
|
437,00
|
|
|
CUBIC METRES
|
|
2.642
|
|
CUB.
DECIMETERS (LITERS)
|
|
0.2642
|
|
|
CENTIMETERS
|
LITRE
|
0.01
|
|
|
MILIMETERS
|
LITRES
|
0.001
|
|
|
LITERS
|
CENTIMETERS
|
100
|
|
|
LITRS
|
MILIMETERS
|
1000
|
|
|
METRIC TONS
|
|
268.8
|
|
|
|
METRIC TONS
|
0.378
|
|
|
|
|||
|
W E I G H T
|
POUND
|
OUNCES
|
16
|
|
GRAMS
|
OUNCES (OZ)
|
0.0353 OZ
|
|
|
OUNCES (OZ)
|
GRAMMS
|
28.35
|
|
|
KILOGRAMS
|
POUND (LB)
|
2.205 LB
|
|
|
POUND (LB)
|
KILOGRAMS
|
0.4536 KG
|
|
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